HMO Tenant Rights
Your rights in a House in Multiple Occupation. Licensing, minimum standards, and what to do if problems arise.
A House in Multiple Occupation (HMO) is a property rented by 3 or more people forming more than one household. HMOs have additional safety requirements and must often be licensed.
When Does a Property Need an HMO Licence?
- Mandatory licensing: 5+ people from 2+ households
- Additional licensing: Depends on your local council's scheme
- Selective licensing: Some areas license all private rentals
Minimum HMO Standards
- Adequate fire precautions (alarms, fire doors, extinguishers)
- Minimum room sizes (6.51m² for single room, 10.22m² for double)
- Adequate kitchen facilities (often 1 hob ring per 2 people)
- Adequate bathrooms (often 1 bathroom per 5 people)
- Safe gas and electrical installations
- Good repair and maintenance
If Your HMO is Unlicensed
If your landlord is operating an unlicensed HMO when a licence is required, this is a criminal offence. You may be able to:
- Apply for a Rent Repayment Order (up to 12 months' rent back)
- Report to your local council (they can prosecute)
- Use it as a defence against eviction
Check if your property needs a licence on your local council's website. Many councils have online HMO licence registers you can search.
Official Sources
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